New research has determined that AI chatbots may be better at diagnoses than actual doctors. The research objective was to find out whether doctors could improve their diagnoses using ChatGPT.
The research involved 50 doctors, 24 of whom were residents while the rest were attending physicians. Each physician was asked to diagnose six case histories, with the researchers grading their ability to come up with diagnoses and give reasons why they excluded them or chose them.
Everyone was allowed to make three possible diagnoses while offering evidence to support their decision. They were also required to list the steps they would take in their diagnostic process.
The case histories used were based on real patients but had never been published so medical students could be tested on them without any prior knowledge of them. This meant that the chatbot couldn’t have been trained on them either.
Some of the physicians were randomly allowed to use ChatGPT to assist them make their diagnoses, while others made their decisions without using AI. The physicians who didn’t use AI to make their decisions scored 74% while those that did scored 76%. On its own, the AI chatbot scored 90%.
The study was designed by Dr. Adam Rodman, who stated in an interview that while he expected the chatbot to help the physicians that used it, he was surprised to see it didn’t make a huge difference and even more surprised that the chatbots performed better than the physicians.
Rodman, an internal medicine expert at Boston’s Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, explained that artificial intelligence didn’t help the physicians that used it as much as was expected, mainly because the doctors didn’t listen to the chatbot when they didn’t agree with its results.
Most physicians, he added, firmly believed in their diagnoses and weren’t convinced that a bot knew more than they did. Rodman noted that artificial intelligence systems could offer beneficial second opinions on diagnoses.
Other issues that arose included the fact that many physicians didn’t know how to fully make use of artificial intelligence. This made it hard for them to take advantage of the system’s ability to solve complex diagnostic issues.
In their report, the authors of the study highlighted that there was a need for workforce and technology development to realize the potential of doctor-AI collaboration in clinical practice. This was based on AI’s better performance in comparison to the doctors’ performance. The study’s findings were reported in JAMA Network Open.
As more companies like Palantir Technologies Inc. (NYSE: PLTR) bring even more innovative AI solutions onto the market, we are likely to see many industries being disrupted by the influence of artificial intelligence.
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